Answer:
a. cosθ = ¹/₂[e^jθ + e^(-jθ)] b. sinθ = ¹/₂[e^jθ - e^(-jθ)]
Step-by-step explanation:
a.We know that
e^jθ = cosθ + jsinθ and
e^(-jθ) = cosθ - jsinθ
Adding both equations, we have
e^jθ = cosθ + jsinθ
+
e^(-jθ) = cosθ - jsinθ
e^jθ + e^(-jθ) = cosθ + cosθ + jsinθ - jsinθ
Simplifying, we have
e^jθ + e^(-jθ) = 2cosθ
dividing through by 2 we have
cosθ = ¹/₂[e^jθ + e^(-jθ)]
b. We know that
e^jθ = cosθ + jsinθ and
e^(-jθ) = cosθ - jsinθ
Subtracting both equations, we have
e^jθ = cosθ + jsinθ
-
e^(-jθ) = cosθ - jsinθ
e^jθ + e^(-jθ) = cosθ - cosθ + jsinθ - (-jsinθ)
Simplifying, we have
e^jθ - e^(-jθ) = 2jsinθ
dividing through by 2 we have
sinθ = ¹/₂[e^jθ - e^(-jθ)]
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
As an example, iodine-131 is a radioisotope with a half-life of 8 days. It decays by beta particle emission into xenon-131. After eight days have passed, half of the atoms of any sample of iodine-131 will have decayed, and the sample will now be 50% iodine-131 and 50% xenon-131.
50 grams to 25 grams is one half-life. 25 grams to 12.5 grams is another half-life. So, for 50 grams to decay to 12.5 grams, two half-lives, which would take 36 days total, would need to pass. This means each half-life for element X is 18 days.
Answer:
a = 4
Step-by-step explanation:
y = 2x + 1 ......(1)
Going through y - y1 = m(x - x1)
m is slope and it is 2
y1 = 9 and x1 = a
y - 9 = 2(x - a)
y - 9 = 2x - 2a
y = 2x - 2a + 9 ........(2)
Equating (1) and (2)
2x + 1 = 2x - 2a + 9
Collecting like terms
2x - 2x + 2a = 9 - 1
2a = 8
a = 8/2
a = 4
When measuring a penny, using the millimeter measurement would be more accurate then using inches or centimeters.
Answer:
A system of two equations can be classified as follows
Step-by-step explanation:
If the slopes are the same but the y-intercepts are different, the system has no solution. If the slopes are different, the system has one solution. If the slopes are the same and the y-intercepts are the same, the system has infinitely many solutions.
