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UV rays reacting with the O2 molecules
I might be wrong a little but
Hope the helps :)
Keystone predators can maintain species diversity in a community if they prey on the community's dominant species
Option B is correct.
What is meant by keystone predator?
A keystone species is usually a dominant predator whose removal allows a prey population to explode and often decreases overall diversity. other forms of keystone species are those, like coral or beavers, that significantly alter the habitat around them and thus affect large numbers of other organisms.
Are keystone species always predators?
A keystone species is usually , but not always, a predator. Just some predators can control the distribution and population of large numbers of prey species. the whole concept of keystone species was founded on research surrounding the influence of a marine predator on its environment.
Learn more about keystone predators:
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Answer:
See attached image
Explanation:
Action potential can be split into 5 phases (0-4), where phase 4 leads from one action potential to the next. Phase 0 is the line up and is known as depolarization, it is here where the action potential is triggered and fast Na channels will open. Next, is phase 1 called early repolarization which is the little bit at the beginning of the plateau-here the Na channels will close. Then you have the plateau phase where Ca channels are open at the beginning and close at the end. Then is phase 3 called repolarization which is the big slope down and here is where the normal transmembrane ionic concentration gradients are restored. Finally, phase 4 which is the resting phase occurs. There are many resources online if you need more details, here is a pretty good one: http://www.pathophys.org/physiology-of-cardiac-conduction-and-contractility/
Homeostasis is maintained by negative feedback loops within the organism. In contrast, positive feedback loops push the organism further out of homeostasis, but may be necessary for life to occur. Homeostasis is controlled by the nervous and endocrine systems in mammals.
