P(heads or tails) = 1 This is because when flipping a coin, there are only two possible answers, either heads ir tails so the probability of getting either one is 100%. However, if you're asking for P(heads) = 1/2, and P(tails)= 1/2.
Ratio is white socks / brown socks
There are 8 white and 7 brown
Ratio = 8/7