Explanation: Gametes are the cells used during sexual reproduction to produce a new individual organism or zygote. The male gamete, sperm, is a smaller, mobile cell that meets up with the much larger and less mobile female gamete, egg or ova. Both sperm and egg are only haploid cells. They only carry half of the chromosomes needed.
<span>Glycolysis
4 made - 2 used= 2 ATP substrate level
2 NADH x 2= <span>4 ATP </span>(enters at complex II)
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
1 NADH x two pyruvate= 2 NADH x 3= 6 ATP
Krebs Cycle
3 NADH x two pyruvate= 6 x 3= 18 ATP
1 GTP x two pyruvate= 2 GTP= 2 ATP
1 FADH2 x two pyruvate= 2 FADH2 x2= 4 ATP
Total: 2+4+6+18+2+4= 36 ATP</span>
Yes, the different frequencies of evolutionary change could affect allele frequency in a population.
<h3>What are the agents of evolutionary change? </h3>
All populations are usual in a constant state of evolution. This means that all the species are continuously changing their genetic makeup over different generations. These changes can be subtle or they can be spontaneous.
If a population is not evolving, it is said to be in Hardy - Weinberg state. In this state, the allele frequency and the genetic makeup of the population will remain the same across generations.
The agents of evolutionary change defy the Hardy - Weinberg state. These are mutation, gene flow, non-random mating, natural selection and genetic drift.
Read more about evolutionary change, here
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Answer:
1. 80 chromosomes are found in each of the daughter cells. 2. Two daughter cells are produced. 3. The daughter cells are identical to each other.
Explanation:
Mitosis is simply a process of cell division whereby two daughter cells that are genetically identical are produced from a single parent cell. A cell having 80 chromosomes would undergo Mitosis through these various stages:
Interphase: This can be referred to as the rest phase between cell division when mature enough for reproduction. This is a preparatory stage where DNA is duplicated and ready for the division of chromosomes
Prophase: This stage marks the beginning mitosis of the cell with 80 chromosomes. The chromatin threads start a coiling process in which the chromosomes become condensed to enable easy distribution to daughter cells without tangling.
Prometaphase: This phase commences toward the end of the prophase, where the nuclear envelop breaks down. The chromosomes move toward to the center of the cell.
Metaphase: At this stage, the duplicated chromosomes line up on the mid plane or equator of the cell. During this stage, each chromatid is condensed completely and appears thick and distinct.
Anaphase: At this stage, the chromosomes move toward the poles as each replicated copies of the DNA of the cell ends up on either side of the cell. What we would have here at this stage is an entirely two new sister chromatid having 80 chromosomes. Cytokinesis begins towards the end of this stage as the parent cell cytoplasm divides which also continues at telophase.
Telophase: This is the final phase of Mitosis where two separate nuclei are formed and Cytokinesis takes place to complete the division of the cell to form two daughter cells having the same number of chromosomes. These cells are genetically identical to the original parent cell.
Biological diversity. It studies all living organisms and how they interact with each other and their environment.
