Let us look at the what, why and how of studying extreme places like the deep earth and the deep space. Scientists need to figure out as to 'what' they want to look at such places, be it a new exotic creature or bio-genesis (birth of life). Unless there are several testable hypothesis constructed, such a study cannot begin. The 'why' aspect deals with the purpose of such research and expeditions. Is it of any use to the humans, or will it improve our current understanding of a phenomenon? The 'how' aspect deals with the technology and the economic assistance that can help in undertaking such a research. All these are the challenges that needed to be thoroughly considered to make such a research or expedition possible.
Answer:
Medulla.
By analyzing the DNA extracted from the hair follicle, the medullary index and the pattern of medulla in the hair samples obtained from a crime scene, an investigator can identify the owner.
Explanation:
The hair consists of follicle and shaft. The follicle is the part of the skin, where the hair grows and the hair shaft has three layers: an inner medulla, a cortex, and an outer cuticle.
The morphology (physical characteristics) of hair provides a broad detail on the racial background of an individual and an investigator can identify a group of people who share similar traits. But the hair without follicle cells attached to it, cannot be used to identify a specific individual. If the follicle of a hair is present, then it can lead to individual identification by DNA analysis. Also the medulla of animals is larger than that in the humans. By comparing the medullary index (the ratio of the diameter of the medulla to the diameter of the entire hair), it can be determined if the hair obtained from crime scene belongs to animals or humans. The macroscopic (length, color, and curliness) and microscopic characteristics ( pattern of the medulla, pigmentation of the cortex, and types of scales on the cuticle) of the hair samples are studied during a crime investigation. If the entire hair follicle (follicular tag) is present in the hair samples found at the crime scene, the blood and tissue attached to the follicle is extracted and analyzed using DNA profiling. DNA analysis of the hair follicle provides an identification with greater accuracy than the hair shaft.
Forest fires actually help the environment, they remove plants and trees that are useless and leave space for new plants and trees to grow. After 26 years after the fire, the forest will start to grow again and will be green once again.
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The climate change impacts a coral in many different ways. But the main reason that could happen is if the climate were a coral lives is too cold and it begans to die. Corals have feelings toi, when they get a sense that they are going to die they try to leave but if they can't they will just die.
"Bedding is the separation of sediments into layers that differ from one another in texture, composition, color, or weathering characteristics".
Option (b);
<u>EXPLANATION: </u>
Sediments mean the matter that gets accumulated in one place. Sedimentary rocks are the results of the rock due to the accumulation of small particles that get weathered from rocks or erosion over time. They get accumulated either on the bottom of the sea level or earth's surface and thus the sediment rocks are formed.
These layers of sediments that are created based on difference in their shape, size, color and composition results it in bedding.The size of rocks in bedding ranges from several millimetres to centimetres and it sometimes results in a meter thick.
