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Transcription factors are necessary for an initiation of transcription at a regulated gene but not sufficient.
Transcription is the first step of gene expression in which DNA molecule is copied (transcribed) into RNA (mRNA) by RNA polymerase. The process of transcription is divided into three phases:
1. Initiation
• RNA polymerase with transcriptional factors bind to gene promoter Transcription factors can enhance the interaction between RNA polymerase and a DNA sequence- promoter, encouraging the expression of the gene. Such transcription factors are called activators. Otherwise, when the gene expression is inhibited, factors are called repressors and they bind to sequence –operator.
• RNA polymerase unwinds DNA double helix (transcription bubble is formed)
2. Elongation
• RNA polymerases adds nucleotides complementary to DNA
3. Termination
• RNA polymerase gets to stop codon (transcribes a sequence of DNA known as a terminator)
• Formed complementary RNA strand is released from DNA-RNA complex
Answer:
A question is never clear
Answer:
Liquid media are a type of culture media used to cultivate and maintain microorganisms. They are also referred to as culture broths. Liquid media are not supplemented with a solidifying agent. Hence, these media remain as liquids even at room temperature.
Explanation:
Answer: Option A.
Pure solvent diffused through a membrane but solutes do not.
Explanation:
Osmosis is process where solvents or molecules move from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane which tend to balance the concentration of solutes. Osmosis is passive transport i.e it does not require energy for movement.
