1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Allushta [10]
3 years ago
11

Like replication and transcription, translation is a process in which the information present within a nucleic acid template is

used to guide the synthesis of a new polymer. But the translation machinery is much more complex than the machinery involved in replication or transcription. Discuss the aspects of translation that make it so challenging for the cell.
Biology
1 answer:
morpeh [17]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The aspect of translation that makes it so challenging for the cell is that it involves too many steps and too many molecules and organelles. mRNA associated with rRNA and tRNA. rRNA reading mRNA in a specific direction. Codon sequences indicating where to start and where to finish the synthesis. Different codons codifying for different aminoacids and tRNA recognizing those codons to add the correct amino acid to the chain. If the protein is destined to exportation, RER and Golgi complex are also involved in the process.  

Explanation:

In protein synthesis, the first step is to synthesize messenger RNA, mRNA. The transcription is the coping process of the DNA section, and it happens in the nucleus. After that, the translation occurs when the formed mRNA moves to the cytoplasm through the nucleus membrane pores.

Once in the cytoplasm, it begins the translation process. mRNA meets a free ribosome, which is the primary structure for protein synthesis. Ribosomes are composed of two subunits, a big one and a small one. They also associate with different tRNA that carrying amino acids. Ribosomes might be floating freely in the cytoplasm or can be attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

The ribosome reads mRNA in the 5´ to 3´ direction, and, according to the codons that are being readen, tRNA transfers the correct amino acids to build the polypeptide chain. Each tRNA has two important sites. One of them that couples with the codon of the mRNA molecule, named anticodon. The other site couples with an amino acid through the action of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase enzyme. The whole complex, amino acid + enzyme + tRNA is named aminoacyl-tRNA. Considering that there are twenty amino acids available, there are also twenty complexes of aminoacyl-tRNA, one for each amino acid.  tRNA allows amino acids to align according to the nucleotidic sequence in the mRNA molecule.  

Once the new amino acid links to the growing peptidic chain, the binding between the amino acid and the tRNA molecule breaks. The tRNA is now free to join another amino acid and repeat the cycle.  

The protein is synthesized from the amino terminus to the carboxy terminus, while the added amino acids to the chain are coded by a codon formed by three bases in the mRNA. mARNs also have a start and end codon that are the signals of the synthesis initiation and finish. When the ribosome reaches the end codon, protein synthesis is over.

And if the protein is destined for exportation or cell membrane, its synthesis also involved organelles like the Rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex.

You might be interested in
Q33. Explain how the poison caused Jared’s symptoms (e.g., muscle weakness).
Ede4ka [16]

Complete question:

Jared was investigating a drug cartel and ate a meal with one of the suspects. After the meal, he had trouble breathing and felt weak and dizzy.  Jared may have been poisoned. He is being taken to the CIA hospital for treatment. The symptoms are muscular weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness. Explain how the poison caused Jared’s symptoms (e.g., muscle weakness).

Answer:

The poison blocked the cellular respiratory process, interrupting energy (ATP) production, and oxygen transport, affecting different organs and causing all the symptoms that Jared showed.

Explanation:

Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files.

Download pdf
4 0
2 years ago
can you predict the properties of a compound by knowing the properties of the elements that make up the compound?
MakcuM [25]
No, you cannot determine the properties of a chemical compound by solely knowing the properties of the elements that make up the compound, because in a chemical compound, the properties are completely different and or independent of the chemical and or physical properties of the individual elements used to make up the compound.
3 0
3 years ago
What is meant by "peer review" in scientific journals?
ryzh [129]

Peer review is a means of quality control for scholarly journal articles and books. It is the evaluation process of academic, scientific and professional work done by other individuals working in a similar field. Sometimes, the articles published in academic Journals are also referred as scholarly journals.

Hope this helps.

4 0
3 years ago
3. Can pure water have colligati e properties?
AleksandrR [38]

Answer: No

Explanation:

the freezing point of salt water is lower than that of pure water, due to the presence of the salt dissolved in the water

7 0
2 years ago
How does fuligo septica move?
dsp73
Yes It moves by the park and then it is
3 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • An orphaned female lion joins a band of lions. The addition of her genes to their gene pool is ___.
    15·2 answers
  • How does packaging genetic information into chromosomes help the process of cell division?
    8·1 answer
  • Relative age is used to determine:
    10·1 answer
  • Until about 200 million years ago, Earth's continents were joined as a single land mass called
    13·2 answers
  • List 6 characteristic of life?
    6·1 answer
  • Which of these islands would likely have the most species diversity.
    5·1 answer
  • What type of rock is formed when hot lava is cool and hardened
    9·2 answers
  • How the function of the basal cells depends on the relationship among its parts?​
    5·2 answers
  • The network of connective tissue fibers which pass through the tissues of the body and allow for the efficient movement of immun
    7·1 answer
  • What is a mineral in the earth?
    6·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!