1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Allushta [10]
3 years ago
11

Like replication and transcription, translation is a process in which the information present within a nucleic acid template is

used to guide the synthesis of a new polymer. But the translation machinery is much more complex than the machinery involved in replication or transcription. Discuss the aspects of translation that make it so challenging for the cell.
Biology
1 answer:
morpeh [17]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The aspect of translation that makes it so challenging for the cell is that it involves too many steps and too many molecules and organelles. mRNA associated with rRNA and tRNA. rRNA reading mRNA in a specific direction. Codon sequences indicating where to start and where to finish the synthesis. Different codons codifying for different aminoacids and tRNA recognizing those codons to add the correct amino acid to the chain. If the protein is destined to exportation, RER and Golgi complex are also involved in the process.  

Explanation:

In protein synthesis, the first step is to synthesize messenger RNA, mRNA. The transcription is the coping process of the DNA section, and it happens in the nucleus. After that, the translation occurs when the formed mRNA moves to the cytoplasm through the nucleus membrane pores.

Once in the cytoplasm, it begins the translation process. mRNA meets a free ribosome, which is the primary structure for protein synthesis. Ribosomes are composed of two subunits, a big one and a small one. They also associate with different tRNA that carrying amino acids. Ribosomes might be floating freely in the cytoplasm or can be attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

The ribosome reads mRNA in the 5´ to 3´ direction, and, according to the codons that are being readen, tRNA transfers the correct amino acids to build the polypeptide chain. Each tRNA has two important sites. One of them that couples with the codon of the mRNA molecule, named anticodon. The other site couples with an amino acid through the action of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase enzyme. The whole complex, amino acid + enzyme + tRNA is named aminoacyl-tRNA. Considering that there are twenty amino acids available, there are also twenty complexes of aminoacyl-tRNA, one for each amino acid.  tRNA allows amino acids to align according to the nucleotidic sequence in the mRNA molecule.  

Once the new amino acid links to the growing peptidic chain, the binding between the amino acid and the tRNA molecule breaks. The tRNA is now free to join another amino acid and repeat the cycle.  

The protein is synthesized from the amino terminus to the carboxy terminus, while the added amino acids to the chain are coded by a codon formed by three bases in the mRNA. mARNs also have a start and end codon that are the signals of the synthesis initiation and finish. When the ribosome reaches the end codon, protein synthesis is over.

And if the protein is destined for exportation or cell membrane, its synthesis also involved organelles like the Rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex.

You might be interested in
Compare clonal selection to a phosphorylation cascade that occurs in a signal transduction pathway. How are they similar to one
dybincka [34]
<h2>Clonal Selection to a Phosphorylation Cascade </h2>

Clonal selection describes the roles of compartments of the privileged operation in reply to specific antigens attacking the basis in immunology. A phosphorylation cascade is a series of situations wherever one catalyst phosphorylates is different. It makes a succession reactions driving the phosphorylation of thousands of proteins. This can be observed in omen transduction of hormone communications.


4 0
3 years ago
Jessica recently moved to an apartment in the industrial area of Readington City. She noticed that the roads in her neighborhood
Daniel [21]

Answer:

Urban heat

Explanation:

Urban heat is a terminology generally used to describe the higher temperature with in the cities as compared to the surrounding woods.

Jessica moved to industrial area which has large industries that continuously release heat and pollution in the environment. Due to this the environment in and around the industrial area is much warmer as compared to the outskirts of the cities (with mountains).

Also the cities have offices & residential apartments, traffic and automobiles that continuously release heat and pollution thereby further enhancing the temperature of cities.

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which of these requires a host cell to copy its genetic material and protein coat?
svet-max [94.6K]

The virus' DNA becomes a part of the host cell's DNA, and every time the host cell copies and divides, it also copies viral DNA. The viral DNA may remain inactive (a provirus) for a long time, but it can become active when it frees itself from the host's chromosome, which triggers the lytic cycle.

I forget which one is the virus' DNA


3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
How many different nutrients does you body require?<br> a. 3<br> b. 6<br> c. 10<br> d. 40?
Serggg [28]
The answer is 6 according to my reaserch 6 nutrients are essential to the body. It helps build up your health with mainly 6 main nutrients
5 0
3 years ago
Huntington's disease is caused by an autosomal dominant allele. It is a lethal
Ilia_Sergeevich [38]

The answer would be D. Huntington's disease presents symptoms in humans after many have already reproduced; therefore, they are unaware that they passed on Huntington's disease.

3 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • True or False:
    7·1 answer
  • The number of kilocalories from carbohydrates in a baked potato that contains 40 g carbohydrate is _____ kcal.
    10·1 answer
  • Which one is it? please help
    6·1 answer
  • What is mitosis??????????
    5·2 answers
  • What are two characteristics of a scientific information source that may indicate the information is unreliable?
    6·1 answer
  • What are 5 examples of sex linked traits
    9·1 answer
  • Which three species will affect plants that grow rich in nitrates like broccoli or corn to grow: is it Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, E
    12·1 answer
  • Label the following parts of an animal cell​
    7·1 answer
  • Calculate the magnification of an object with length 4cm , if the length of the drawing is 40cm
    9·1 answer
  • What makes a plant a producer?
    6·2 answers
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!