The question is incomplete as it does not have the options which are:
A. Gram-negative bacilli cannot cause harm to the cell; only Gram-positive bacilli can harm the cell.
B. Gram-negative bacilli release endotoxins that cause cell injury and increased capillary permeability.
C. Gram-negative bacilli excrete elaborate exotoxins that interfere with cellular production of ATP.
D. Gram-negative bacilli enter the cell and disrupt its ability to replicate.
Answer:
B. Gram-negative bacilli release endotoxins that cause cell injury and increased capillary permeability.
Explanation:
Gram-negative bacteria are pathogenic in nature due to the composition of their cell wall. Their cell wall contains an additional layer of a molecule called lipopolysaccharides or LPS.
The LPS layer is toxic in nature and is known as endotoxin and is involved in the pathogenicity of the bacteria as the toxin causes the injury to the Endothelial cell membrane of the host cell.
When the bacteria cell is lysed and the LPS circulates in the blood, then LPS binds the receptors and acts on CD14. This attracts the neutrophils at the site and can cause vascular injury due to increased capillary permeability.
Thus, Option-B is the correct answer.
<span>a. Germinated seeds are haploid.</span><span>
A gymnosperm is a woody tree like a fir tree. It does not bear flowers or fruit. Its seeds are naked, as they are not covered by a fruit wall and are arranged in a cone-like structure. </span>
Answer:
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Explanation:
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Answer:
The understanding that alcohol is a potent teratogenic agent -capable of affecting the genetic expression of a developing embryo and fetus- is sufficient to support medical advice given to women to avoid consumption of alcohol during pregnancy.
Explanation:
A teratogen is a substance capable of affecting genetic expression - causing alteration and lack of regulation of the genes responsible for the form and function of a living being - and organ formation.
<u>Alcohol is a powerful teratogen</u>, responsible for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, which includes disorder in the proper expression of genes and abnormal development of organs such as the heart, brain and limbs.
When a doctor suggests that a woman does not consume alcohol during pregnancy, he does so to prevent alterations that this product may cause in a fetus or embryo, as well as the death before birth.
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