Answer:
1. The issue of slavery
2. The issue of states' rights
Explanation:
The historical circumstances that led to the election results of 1860 are issues of slavery and states' rights to govern themselves.
Towards the election of 1860, all four presidential candidates including Abraham Lincoln, John Bell, John Breckenridge, and Stephen Douglas were picked along the issue of slavery, where the southern part believed that Slavery should be expanded but the Northern part believes slavery should be abolished.
Similarly, the southern part of the country believed that the state had the right to govern themselves, but the northern part of the country believed that Union and the national government is supreme.
In the end, Abraham Lincoln won the election, without winning any state in the south. He won with 40% of popular votes and 180 electoral votes.
