Answer:
The alveolar walls and capillary walls share a membrane. That's how close they're getting. This allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to readily pass from the respiratory system to the circulation. Oxygen molecules bind to red blood cells as they return to the heart.
When Timmy steps on the rose bush, the sensory receptor on his toe receives the stimuli, sends it the spinal cord through a sensory neuron which they initiates a response sent through a motor neuron to the muscle and he withdraws his leg in pain.
<h3>What is a reflex arc?</h3>
A reflex arc refers to the neuronal pathway which controls a reflex action.
A reflex action is an action which occurs involuntarily.
Examples of reflex actions include thhe following:
- withdrawing the foot quickly when one steps on a sharp object
- withdrawing the hand quickly when one touches a hot surface
- the je_rking of the knee
- coughing or sneezing, when irritants enter the nostrils.
Reflex actions do not need to involve the brain, hence they occur very quickly.
The path of a reflex arc begins with a sensory receptor which receives the stimuli, travels to the spinal cord through a sensory neuron which they initiates a response that is sent through a motor neuron to an effector such effector such as a skeletal muscle.
In conclusion, a reflex arc is the path of a reflex action through the body.
Learn more about reflex arc at: brainly.com/question/10003986
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The virulence of the microbes should be high to cause an active infection.
Explanation:
Virulence is the actual potential or ability of a pathogenic microbe to infect a host. Even with a high median infectious dose to cause an infection, it is the virulence which defines the level of pathogenicity or ability of the pathogens like the foodborne pathogens to cause and active infection.
An active infection is caused when virulence of the pathogen is high. The virulence factors are surface receptors, surface coats, and toxins.
Virulent bacteria cause active infection by adhesion, colonization, invasion, immune response inhibitors, or as toxins. A virulent virus replicates rapidly and modifies the host’s defensive mechanism
The oddtopsie person or how ever you stell it
