Answer:
The correct answer is: d. REs activity is best preserved by freezing the RE and thawing it out for brief periods of time as needed.
Explanation:
- Restriction enzymes can be defined as endonucleases that can recognize specific nucleotide sequence in a DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) sequence and cause breakage of phosphodiester bond in the DNA at the target site. Hence, it has the capacity of cleaving a DNA sequence.
- These are made up of proteins which are required to be present in the accurately folded conformation in order to function.
- Any form of alteration in the three-dimensional structure of the protein induced due to physical, chemical, mechanical or physiological factors can cause denaturation of the protein which in turn can render the protein non-functional.
- Freezing of restriction enzymes (REs) directly without the use of glycerol will cause the movement of water molecules within the proteins as well layering of water molecules on the protein surface.
- At low temperature these water molecules change to ice crystals which can alter the conformation of the protein or can cause breakage of peptide bonds in the proteins by physical force.
- This can cause the protein to get denatured and hence non-functional.
- Hence, it is never advisable to preserve REs by freezing directly without glycerol.
- Glycerol forms a layer around the protein molecules and prevents the protein molecules from coming into direct contact with the water molecules and hence prevents protein denaturation.
Answer:
Cells provide the necessary structural support for an organism.
P.s you should link or photograph the model
Answer:
The correct answer is: geography and UV radiation.
Explanation:
Skin variation occurred thanks to evolution, and was driven as a consequence of the geographical location of different populations of humans.
The humans that lived in hot and sunny places, closer to the equator, where much more exposed to the sun's ultraviolet radiation. In order to survive the amount of UV lights that they were exposed to, new humans in those regions were being born with a darker skin tone, which was rich in melanin (a brown pigment that protects us from the sun radiation).
Contrary to these humans that lived in the tropical areas, the humans that populated the areas that were closer to the poles, developed much lighter skin as a result of lower amounts of melanin in their skin. Since sun exposure in the poles is very limited, humans needed to receive as much as they could for the production of Vitamin D, and thus, their skins got lighter and less protected.
