The Ottoman Empire was so powerful because it was a very big empire and it also regulated the trade. If there was trade it would have to be check by the Ottomans before it could be done.
These in the correct order would be
1. Roger Williams
2. John Mason
3. Peter Stuyvesant
4. Carteret and Berkeley
5. William Penn
6. Puritans
7. Quakers
8. Pedro Menendez
Hope this helps :)
In April 1940, Germany launched a surprise invasion of neutral Denmark and Norway. Therefore the answer would be...
D) Denmark and Norway
To keep the country safe I believe and to let the cities know when there is danger