The correct answer to this open question is the following.
You forgot to include image number 2. However, doing some research we can say the following.
The image illustrates the spread of scientific knowledge in the period before 1450 in that it shows the Muslim presence in different bedrooms where sick lies on the bed. The image illustrates that Arab people that practiced Islam also had medical knowledge resulted from the many exchanges with other cultures and nations. Scientific research in the Arab world was more advanced and quickly spread all over other regions in the Middle East, North Africa, and some eastern European regions.
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The correct answer is "the tie that bound her to Spain has been severed". The "tie" refers to the colonial rule and "her" refers to America. To put in other words, Bolívar says in that sentence that the colonial rule of Spain over America is over.
With "kept the parts of that immense monarchy together", Bolívar is refering that only the concept of colonialism held the Spanish Empire together, but no one on the American continent felt bounded with the Spanish mainland.
The sentence "inspired in us is greater than the ocean between us" refers to the fact that America and Spain are so far from each other (there is literally an ocean between them), so there is little connection between the two. In this sentence he also says that the hate of the Spanish towards the Americans is bigger than the ocean between Spain and America.
Humilating PersianDefeat-Marathon
Persian Leader-Cyrus
Athenian Naval Victory-Salamis
Burned Athens-Persia (ahem 300)-
Narrow Straight of Water-Bosporus
