They're a group of people with the same or a common culture
In the fourth stage "social concern and conscience". It takes into consideration the will of society reflected in the law: the correct thing is obedience to the norm, not for fear of punishment but for the belief that the law maintains social order, so it should not be transgressed unless there is a reason that requires it. The type of reasoning of this stage develops during the second half of adolescence and has the characteristics of being a highly balanced stage.
By allowing items to get to the us quicker
Answer: Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development
Explanation: Vygotsky's Cognitive Development Theory is the theory that states about the constructive behavior of the children to obtain the cognitive factors. Instruction ,guidance and interaction on social base is considered as the feature of the theory which enhances the learning , solving problem and other skills.
The situation mentioned in the question describes about the Vygotsky's theory because Dr Smith believes in improving the knowledge through instruction in 9-year old .