Question

Listed below are five technical accounting terms. Each of the following statements describes one of these technical terms. For each statement, indicate the term described.
Opportunity cost
Out-of-pocket cost
Joint products
Incremental analysis
Sunk cost
Split-off point
Relevant information

Each of the following statements may (or may not) describe one of these terms. For each statement, indicate the accounting term or terms described, or answer "none" if the statement does not correctly describe any of these terms.

a. Examination of differences between costs to be incurred and revenue to be earned under different courses of action.
b. A cost incurred in the past that cannot be changed as a result of future actions.
c. Costs and revenue that are expected to vary, depending on the course of action decided on.
d. The benefit foregone by not pursuing an alternative course of action.
e. Products made from common raw materials and shared production processes.
f. A cost yet to be incurred that will require future payment and may vary among alternative courses of action.
g. The point at which manufacturing costs are split equally between ending inventory and cost of goods sold.

Answer 1

Answer:

a. Incremental analysis.

b. Sunk cost.

c. Relevant information.

d. Opportunity cost.

e. Joint products.

f. Out-of-pocket cost.

g. Split-off point.

Explanation:

a. Incremental analysis: examination of differences between costs to be incurred and revenue to be earned under different courses of action.

b. Sunk cost: a cost incurred in the past that cannot be changed as a result of future actions. Sunk cost can be defined as a cost or an amount of money that has been spent on something in the past and as such cannot be recovered.

c. Relevant information: costs and revenue that are expected to vary, depending on the course of action decided on. Hence, relevant cost are relevant for decision-making purposes but not sunk costs.

d. Opportunity cost: the benefit foregone by not pursuing an alternative course of action. Opportunity cost also known as the alternative forgone, can be defined as the value, profit or benefits given up by an individual or organization in order to choose or acquire something deemed significant at the time.

e. Joint products: products made from common raw materials and shared production processes.

f. Out-of-pocket cost: a cost yet to be incurred that will require future payment and may vary among alternative courses of action.

g. Split-off point: the point at which manufacturing costs are split equally between ending inventory and cost of goods sold. Thus, it give rise to joint products that emerge from the same raw materials and a shared manufacturing process.