Answer:
DNA vaccines consist of DNA vectors or plasmids (small double-stranded DNA rings originally derived from bacteria, but unable to cause infection) into which the genes encoding one or more immunizing proteins of the infectious agent have been inserted causing the disease to be prevented.
Explanation:
Vectors are the functional unit of naked DNA vaccines. Genes that encode the proteins of interest and are of bacterial origin are inserted into these vectors. Bacterial plasmids are circular DNA molecules that self-replicate extrachromosomally in bacteria. The genes encoded in these plasmids are under the control of promoters, almost always of viral origin. When a plasmid is introduced into the cell it translocates to the nucleus, where transcription of the transgene begins; the transcripts are then taken to the cytoplasm and translated there. The newly synthesized proteins are degraded in the proteasome to 8-10 amino acid peptides, which are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum. Peptides of high affinity with their respective MHC I molecule stabilize and enter the secretory pathway, thus reaching the cell surface, where they are coupled with the T-lymphocyte receptor (TcR) present on the surface of T lymphocytes cytotoxic drugs (CD8 +) to induce their activation.
Answer:
I am so sorry if this is too late but your answer is in the explanation.
Explanation:
Weakness and nausea are the responses of vomiting and fever. Because people tend to feel weak and uneasy after vomiting. Body temperature also increases resulting headache and body cramp.
The stimulus that causes he response is coldness and weakness. And the purpose of the response of a fever is that it raises the body temperatures so that the bacteria and germs that causes the fever get kill or destroy that are sensitive to temperature changes.
Viruses, bacteria, fungus,Protozoa and worms
