Early changes in the brain during exposure to addictive drugs involves the insertion of AMPA receptors into neuron membranes located within the VTA. AMPA receptor is an ionotropic transmembrane receptor for glutamate that is responsible in mediating fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. They provide initial depolarization that ultimately results in NMDA receptor activation.
Answer:
Aerophobia
Explanation:
A phobia is an irrational fear of something. It can persist even when we know that we will not be harmed.
Aerophobia is the fear of flying or being on a flight (aeroplanes, helicopters, etc.). Experiencing this fear will often result in extreme anxiety and discomfort. Some doctors prescribe anti-anxiety medication for people who have aerophobia and need to take a flight.
Answer: it protects against water loss, regulates gas exchange, secretes metabolic compounds, and (especially in roots) absorbs water and mineral nutrients.
Explanation:
