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LekaFEV [45]
3 years ago
14

Help i need help with this question

Biology
1 answer:
ki77a [65]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

B, E are true

Explanation:

The process of respiration produces energy for organisms by combining glucose with oxygen from the air. During cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are changed into energy and carbon dioxide. Therefore, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere during the process of cellular respiration.

A is false because respiration also happens in plants and is best at night (light not present)

B is true because during the reaction co2 is produced as waste

C is false because co2 is a waste product not a reactant

D is fals because o2 is a reactant not a product

E is true because the whole point of respiration to to produce energy (ATP)

F is false because this occurs in plants aswell

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The Offspring produced by a cross between two given types of plants can be any of the three genotypes denoted by A, B, and C. A
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Complete question:

The offspring produced between two given types of plants can be any of the three genotypes, denoted by A, B and C. A theoretical model of gene inheritance suggests that the offspring of types A, B and C should be in a 1:2:1 ratio (meaning 25% A, 50% B, and 25% C). For experimental verification, 100 plants are bred by crossing the two given types. Their genetic classifications are recorded in the table below.

<em><u>Genotype       Observed frequency</u></em>

    A             →        18 individuals

    B             →        55 individuals

    C             →        27 individuals

Do these contradict the genetic model?  

Use a 0.05 level of significance.

Determine the chi-square test statistic.

Answer:

Do these contradict the genetic model? No, according to the chi-square test, there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis of the population being in equilibrium.  

Explanation:

<u>Available data</u>:

  • Crossed genotypes: two
  • Genotypes among the offspring; Three → A, B, and C
  • Expected phenotypic ratio → 1:2:1
  • Total number of individuals, N = 100
  • A = 18 individuals
  • B = 55 individuals
  • C = 27 individuals

So, let us first state the hypothesis:

  • H₀= the population is equilibrium for this locus → F(A) = 25%,  F(B) = 50%, F(C) = 25%  
  • H₁ = the population is not in equilibrium

Now, let us calculate the number of expected individuals, according to their expected ratio.

4 -------------- 100% -------------100 individuals

1 ---------------  25% -------------X = 25 individuals A

2 --------------  50% -------------X = 50 individuals B

1----------------- 25%--------------X = 25 individuals C

<u>                                                   A                             B                           C</u>

  • Observed                         18                            55                         27
  • Expected                         25                           50                         25
  • (Obs-Exp)²/Exp                1.96                        0.5                        0.16

<u>(Obs-Exp)²/Exp</u>

A)  (18 - 25)²/25 = 49/25 = 1.96

B)  (55 - 50)² / 50 = 25/50 = 0.5

C)  (27 - 25)²/25 = 4/25 = 0.16

Chi square = X² = Σ(Obs-Exp)²/Exp  

  • ∑ is the sum of the terms
  • O are the Observed individuals: 2 in chamber B, and 18 in chamber A.  
  • E are the Expected individuals: 10 in each chamber  

X² = ∑ ((O-E)²/E) = 1.96 + 0.5 + 0.16 = 2.62

Freedom degrees = 2

Significance level, 5% = 0.05  

Table value/Critical value = 5.99

X² < Critical value

2.62 < 5.99    

<em>These results suggest that there is </em><u><em>not enough evidence to reject</em></u><em> the null hypothesis. We can assume that </em><u><em>the locus under study in this population is in equilibrium H-W.  </em></u>

 

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