Parasitism: One organism (the parasite) gains, while the other (the host) suffers. I think.... either that or it's
Commensalism: only one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. ... Almost positive that its Parasitism tho
A nonfunctional CD4 protein on a helper T cell would result in the helper T cell being unable to interact with a class II MHC-antigen complex
Importance of Class II MHC-Antigen complex
- CD4+ T cell-dependent immunological responses need antigen presentation restricted to MHC class II.
Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) perform a range of functions that are essential for the generation of an effective and specific immune response.
- Dendritic cells (DCs) investigate their surroundings and gather foreign antigens, such as those derived from bacteria or viruses, before activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to initiate adaptive immune responses against these antigens.
- The thymus' DCs and epithelial cells express (and also capture) a diverse set of self-proteins that contribute to both central and peripheral tolerance.
Recognizing the processes involved in the creation (and stability) of peptide-MHC class II complexes in APCs provides crucial information about T cellular metabolism including both normal and pathological settings.
Hence, the correct answer is option D
Learn more about APC here,
brainly.com/question/13588471
# SPJ4
b. proteins provide most of the body's material for building and repairing cells~
One parent is engaged in asexual reproduction and creates offspring which are genetically similar to each other and to the parent. Sexual reproduction requires two parents and produces genetically unique offspring.
mark brainlist please
