Bondholders earn income in two primary ways. First, most bonds return regular interest—coupon rate—payments that are usually paid semi-annually. However, depending on the structure of the bond it may pay yearly, quarterly, or even monthly coupons.
Answer:
real GDP
Explanation:
The above rule was proposed by Milton Friedman that the money supplied by the central bank be increased by constant percentage on annual basis. In other words, constant money growth rate rule suggested money supply growth rate be equal to GDP growth rate annually.
According to Friedman, monetary policy contributes to fluctuation in an economy. He suggested that the best way to stabilize a fluctuating economy is to allow the central bank increase money supply in the long run by a targeted amount annually irrespective of the situation of the economy.
Answer:
The Coronavirus pandemic took the world by surprise and most people were not ready for the far reaching quarantine measures that were put in place. These measures along with the general fear of the disease meant that Consumers were demanding less of goods and services which had the effect of shifting the Short Run Demand curve to the left.
The world also saw travel restrictions put in place which were a serious blow to international commerce because suppliers found it hard to source goods. This reduced the supply of goods and services which also meant that the Short Run Aggregate Supply Curve shifted to the left as well.
The New Equilibrium led to a way lower output at Y¹ which is shows why GDP growth fell into negative.
As a result of decreased output and quarantine measures, companies could not afford to keep their employees and had to let go of a lot of them. This is why the Unemployment rate went up as well.
One would be getting out of credit card debt.
<span>another would might be having a savings account in case you lose a job.</span>