What Are States' Rights?
The Civil War<em> is believed by most to be caused because of the issue of slavery. Some, however, believe that it was actually about states' rights, or the rights of states to govern themselves outside of the control of the federal government. Whenever states' rights arguments are made, they all eventually come back to slavery. States' rights were simply a convenient political debate to fit the slavery argument into.
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<em>The American Civil War was, ultimately, about one thing: slavery. However, other issues found their way into the debate as well. Arguably the most significant of these was the issue of states' rights. The idea of states' rights, at its most basic level, is the idea that the states that make up the United States of America should have individual rights to work as their own independent governments beyond the control of the national government. For example, while most states in the U.S. have a minimum driving age of sixteen years, it is actually up to each individual state to decide. In South Dakota, for instance, the driving age is actually fourteen. This is generally believed to be due to the large farming population that requires the help of young teens on family farms, often requiring that these teens drive trucks or tractors to tend to crops and livestock, but there is no legislative evidence for this belief. In New Jersey, the minimum driving age is seventeen, the highest in the country. There have been efforts in the past decades to impose a national law for the driving similar to the national drinking age in 1985, but these efforts have not been successful as of 2017.</em>
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The Civil War took place between 1861 and 1865 in the United States, and faced on the one hand the Union, made up of the northern states, and the Confederation, made up of the southern states. The main issue that gave rise to the conflict was slavery: while Southerners sought to legalize the issue in their territories, the northern states sought to abolish slavery and guarantee real equality between whites and African Americans.
It was initiated by the Confederate shelling of Fort Sumter in Charleston Bay in South Carolina on April 12, 1861. It lasted until May 26, 1865, when the last organized centers of Confederate resistance surrendered (in some places the fighting continued until June). As a result of the war 620,000 people were killed, property worth 5 billion dollars was destroyed, and 4 million slaves gained freedom.
