Answer:
Punnett Squares are unable to predict the offspring of an asexual organism because there is only one parent from which the offspring can receive genes from. The whole point of a Punnett Square is the fact that it covers all possible offspring outcomes besides mutations from the usual two parents.
"<span>The bacteria can cut the viral DNA at its specific restriction site but protect their own chromosomal DNA by modifying its bases and blocking the restriction enzyme" is the one explanation to the statement given in question. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the second option.</span>
Answer:
The colonies are carrying the resistance genes from plasmids
Explanation:
Bacteria can acquire beneficial characteristics that they didn’t have. One way for these is through plasmids, which ones are little fragments of DNA that usually contains resistance genes (for antibiotics, disinfectants, heavy metals, etc.) or other capacities, like the ability to use some substances (for example sugars).
In this specific situation, we already know that the plasmid carrying genes for tetracycline resistance and the <em>lacZ</em> gene.
A little explanation:
Tetracycline is an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth and kills the bacteria. The bacteria can “fight” to this antibiotic if it has a resistant gene, the result is that the antibiotic can’t affect the bacteria and survive. An analogy is like a Police Officer (bacteria) that have a bulletproof vest (tetracycline-resistant gene) so the bullets (tetracycline) didn’t affect the police.
In the case of X-gal, is a compound consisting primarily in one sugar called galactose. Not all bacteria can eat galactose, they need an enzyme called β- galactosidase (comes from <em>lacZ</em> gene) that helps the bacteria “eat” the sugar (cuts the sugar in little pieces so the bacteria can eat).
Then, as the bacterial colonies can grow in the medium with tetracycline and X-gal, we know that those bacteria are carrying the resistance genes for tetracycline (does not affect the bacteria) and the <em>lacZ</em> gene (bacteria produce β- galactosidase that cuts galactose). These genes are coming from the plasmids because we already know that the plasmid carries these genes and not from the exogenous DNA.
Immunological memory accounts for the ancient observation that someone who had recovered from the plague could safely care for those newly diseased.
Significance of plague disease
The plague is a contagious sickness that affects both animals and people. Bacteria named Yersinia pestis causes it.
- This bacteria is prevalent in rats and their fleas around the world, including in the United States.
Sunlight and drying are both effective in killing Y. pestis.
- Even yet, when discharged into the air, the bacteria may live for up to an hour, however, this might vary depending on the environment.
- Pneumonic plague is one of several types of plague. These types may occur independently or in combination, depending on the circumstances:
- When Yersinia pestis attacks the lungs, it causes pneumonic plague. This disease can spread from person to person via the air.
Transmission can occur if a person breathes in aerosolized germs, as could occur in a bioterrorist strike.
- Pneumonic plague can also be disseminated by inhaling Y. pestis suspended in respiratory droplets from a person (or animal) infected with the disease.
- In order to become infected in this manner, you must generally come into direct and personal touch with the sick person or animal.
- If a person with bubonic or septicemic plague goes untreated, the germs can migrate to the lungs and cause pneumonic plague.
The most frequent type of plague is bubonic plague.
- This happens when an infected flea bites someone or when materials contaminated with Y. pestis enter through a skin breach.
- Patients have enlarged, sensitive lymph nodes (known as buboes), as well as fever, headache, chills, and weakness.
Hence, the correct answer is option D
Learn more about plague here,
brainly.com/question/23399204
# SPJ4
