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Juli2301 [7.4K]
3 years ago
12

1

Chemistry
1 answer:
posledela3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

1) Helium

2) Oxygen

3)Carbon

4) Chlorine

5) Magnesium

Explanation:

Helium has the electron arrangement 2, 2. There are two electrons in the first shell and two electrons in the second shell.

Oxygen is the first member of group 16, there are two energy levels in oxygen which are 2,6.

Carbon is in period 2 and is the first member of group 14 (the silicon family).

Chlorine has 7 valence electrons, the electrons are arranged as 2, 8, 7.

Magnesium has 12 protons and 12 electrons. It is the second member of period 3.

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Consider the mechanism. Step 1: A+B↽−−⇀CA+B↽−−⇀C equilibrium Step 2: C+A⟶DC+A⟶D slow Overall: 2A+B⟶D2A+B⟶D Determine the rate la
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Your mechanism is a slow step with a prior equilibrium:

\begin{array}{rrcl}\text{Step 1}:& \text{A + B} & \xrightarrow [k_{-1}]{k_{1}} & \text{C}\\\text{Step 2}: & \text{C + A} & \xrightarrow [ ]{k_{2}} & \text{D}\\\text{Overall}: & \text{2A + B} & \longrightarrow \, & \text{D}\\\end{array}

(The arrow in Step 1 should be equilibrium arrows).

1. Write the rate equations:

-\dfrac{\text{d[A]}}{\text{d}t} = -\dfrac{\text{d[B]}}{\text{d}t} = -k_{1}[\text{A}][\text{B}] + k_{1}[\text{C}]\\\\\dfrac{\text{d[C]}}{\text{d}t} = k_{1}[\text{A}][\text{B}] - k_{2}[\text{C}]\\\\\dfrac{\text{d[D]}}{\text{d}t} = k_{2}[\text{C}]

2. Derive the rate law

Assume k₋₁ ≫ k₂.  

Then, in effect, we have an equilibrium that is only slightly disturbed by C slowly reacting to form D.  

In an equilibrium, the forward and reverse rates are equal:

k₁[A][B] = k₋₁[C]

[C] = (k₁/k₋₁)[A][B] = K[A][B] (K is the equilibrium constant)

rate = d[D]/dt = k₂[C] = k₂K[A][B] = k[A][B]

The rate law is  

rate = k[A][B] where k = k₂K

5 0
4 years ago
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