Well statistics has to do with common sense. Look at those situations and try to conclude an answer that's logical.
A, the earth system
The boundary would be the atmosphere, as energy cannot leave. No mass is shared between the rest of the universe and Earth
Minerals form during I. Crystallization in magma
Fedele’s view is that the most important and particular study is liberal arts. She feels that it is important for princes and leaders to study this, as it makes them more humane and noble. They are filled with wisdom, and even knowledge of all Devine and human things. This will move their thoughts towards reason, and by studying these, men will be gaining outcomes that are both rich and useful. While women weren’t studying such things (in that period) she feels they should too, as more of an “enjoyment” while learning.