All of these are the components of the catabolic pathway or using the nutrients to provide energy from it. The breakdown of food molecules begins in the mouth and continues to the small intestine. The nutrients are absorbed through the wall of the small intestine which. The surface of the intestine wall is specially modified (contains a huge number of hair-like structures-microvilli) which increase nutrient absorption. (more area for nutrients to be absorbed). The digestive tract is lined with mucosa which consists of simple columnar epithelial cells. Monomer subunits of the food, like glucose are than absorbed and diffused down a concentration gradient into capillary blood. Glucose is converted into pyruvate molecules through the process of glycolysis. Catabolism ends in the major energy-converting organelle, the mitochondrion, where the ATP is produced.
There are two types of biological organization, I believe.
The first would be (from smallest to largest).
Species
Genus
Family
Order
Class
Phylum
Kingdom
Domain
The other would be:
Atom
Molecule
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Body system
Organism (Individual)
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere
Hope this helps c:
Answer:
The incorrect statement is that the neural reflex arc becomes slow by the hormones involved.
Explanation:
A neural pathway that controls a reflex is known as a reflex arc. In a reflex arc, the sensory neuron transmits a signal to the interneuron and stimulates it. The interneuron then transmits or passes the signal to the next neuron, that is, a motor neuron. The motor neuron associates with the interneurons in the spinal cord, which transmits messages from the CNS to the body. Thus, a reflex arc comprises the elements, that is, the receptor, integrating center, and the effector. Their main activity is to protect the body from external events.
Robert Hooke contribute to the cell theory because he was the first person to use the term “cell.”
<h3>What is contribution of Robert Hooke to cell theory?</h3>
Hooke observing cork through his microscope in which he saw tiny cavities which he described as cells. Hooke's discovery led to the foundation of cell theory.
So we can conclude that Robert Hooke contribute to the cell theory because he was the first person to use the term “cell.”
Learn more about cell here: brainly.com/question/13123319
Answer:
D. 4E-BP1 binding to elF4E prevents loading of the mRNA onto the ribosome.
Explanation
In eukaryotic organisms, the eIF4E translation initiation factor functions by directing the ribosomes to the 5'-terminal cap structure of the messenger RNA (mRNA) in order to start the translation. Moreover, phosphorylation is a posttranslational modification of specific amino acids on proteins that play diverse cellular functions by altering protein stability, location, and/or enzymatic activity. It has been shown that elF4E phosphorylation is increased in response to cellular stimuli that induce translation in the ribosomes (e.g., growth factors, hormones, etc). The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) is a repressor of mRNA translation which is phosphorylated and inactivated by growth factors and hormones, thereby inhibiting 4E-BP1 binding to elF4E and consequently activating translation.
