The answer is ensuring that risks are reasonable in relationship to anticipated benefits
When the principle of beneficence is applied to a study involving human subjects it is important to safeguard subjects in the experiment. No matter how important the anticipated benefits may be, the risks have to be reasonable to protect the people involved.
The answer is selective incorporation which is letter b. It is
a principle written into the Constitution that safeguards American citizens
from their states’ ratifying of laws that could break upon their rights.
Selective incorporation is not an act or a law, but a doctrine that has been recognized
and established time and again by the United States Supreme Court. Fundamentally,
selective incorporation allows the federal government to place limitations on
the states’ lawmaking power.
Guyana's education system comprises the following educational levels: nursery, primary, secondary, technical and vocational education, teacher training and university