<span>In general, most dna viruses multiply in the host cell's NUCLEUS, while most rna viruses multiply in the host cell's CYTOPLASM. </span>
When a pathogen comes in contact with your body, it has to breach the first line of defense to get inside. Your skin and mucus membranes are the main barrier here. Mucus traps the pathogens, and then is forced out of your body when you cough or blow your nose. Your skin also secretes chemicals that have antiviral properties, killing viruses on contact. If the pathogens get through that defense, the next line is non-specific immunity cells that patrol your tissues engulfing pathogens. There are other cells that do this, like macrophages, but the dendritic cells are most important for activating the third line of defense in your body.
Dendritic cells reside in your tissues, waiting for an invader to arrive. When they do find one, they engulf it and digest it. After they do this, they select pieces of the invader called antigens and put them on their surfaces. The dendritic cells migrate back to lymph nodes, key locations in your body filled with immune cells. There, they show the antigens, called antigen presentation, to two types of lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells, activating them for a full immune response.
<span>This is known as glomerulonephritis. This infection is the first step on the road to overall kidney failure, since it is indicated by the kidneys becoming less and less able to filter out waste products from the body. This disease can be caused by infections in childhood or could also be an inherited syndrome that is more purely genetic.</span>
- to fight disease-causing germs (pathogens) like bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi, and to remove them from the body.
- to recognize and neutralize harmful substances from the environment.
- to fight disease-causing changes in the body, such as cancer cells.
More nitrogen in the atmosphere leads to NITRIC ACID RAIN.
When nitrogenous fertilizers are used on the farm, some gases are released into the atmosphere including nitric oxide. These gases rises up into the atmosphere, mix with rainfall.
Nitric oxide react with rainfall to form nitric acid and it falls as acidic rain.
