This is referred to as Nationalism. It is the notion or belief that one's country possesses qualities or traits not found in that of other nations. It often promotes a sense of exceptionalism and superiority; therefore, it has often led to <em>Chauvinism </em>which is a rather hostile form of Nationalism and is often utilised as a political tool to achieve an ends.
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Yes Truman presented the American policy as offensive, rather than defensive. Truman was the American president that followed the offensive path as far as his speech in the Democratic Convention was concerned. He was the President and had to fight with the growing issue of communism in his country.