Answer:
What is an energy pyramid?
An energy pyramid is a graphical model that shows energy flow in a community. In this case thought, it shows how energy flows in a biome.
Why do the percents decrease as you get to the top of the pyramid?
The plants at the bottom of the pyramid have the most energy because they are the producers of the biome. They take the sun rays and use photosynthesis to make food and turn that into energy for animals. Herbivores have to move around to find their food. Finding food takes energy so that's why they have less amount of energy. Another reason is because they have to chew and swallow their food. Their digestive system has to use energy to break down the food molecules and get the essential nutrients out of the plant for the herbivore. The carnivore has the least amount of energy because they have to track their prey. Moving around requires a lot of energy. Also by the time the carnivore attacks the herbivore, they're already digesting the energy and nutrients from the plants so there's less of those left.
When we talk about evolution we come across the process of natural selection. Genetic variation is always required for the natural selection. A change or variation in the genes may help the individuals in a population to better adapt to the environment. Such changes may be brought by mutations or random mating in the population. Such variations help in the survival of the population by allowing them to adapt to changing environmental conditions.
Hutton: created the idea that a (water erosion basically)continuing process formed and destroyed the rocks and soils of the Earth and that the process was a never ending loop.
Hutton laid the conceptual foundation for uniformitarianism geology
Lyell: added names and ages to the different layers of rocks
Lyell built the structure of geology upon that foundation
Complete question:
In a separate study, 68 rock pocket mice were collected from four different, widely separated areas of dark lava rock. One collecting site was in Sonora, Mexico. The other three were in Chihuahua, Mexico. Dr. Nachman and colleagues observed no significant differences in the color of the rocks in the four locations sampled. However, the dark-colored mice from the three Chihuahua locations were slightly darker than the dark-colored mice from the Sonora population. The entire Mc1r gene was sequenced in all 68 of the mice collected. The mutations responsible for the dark fur color in the Sonora mice were absent from the three different populations of Chihuahua mice. No Mc1r mutations were associated with dark fur color in the Chihuahua populations. These findings suggest that adaptive dark coloration has occurred at least twice in the rock pocket mouse and that these similar phenotypic changes have different genetic bases.
How does this study support the concept that natural selection is not random?
Answer:
The study supports the concept that natural selection is not random because in different areas with the same or very similar environmental characteristics, the same phenotype was produced by different types of mutations.
Explanation:
All of the sampled animals are inhabiting dark substrate. Probably animals needed to camouflage to survive. Natural selection must have driven them to produce dark color, similar to the substrate color. So animals from the different regions suffered different mutations that drove them to have almost the same dark fur color. The environmental condition is favoring the same phenotype.
Sucrose: glucose + fructose sucrose is a disaccharide made from glucose and fructose
glucose: C(sub 6)H(sub 12)O(sub6)fructose: C(sub 6)H(sub 12)O(sub6)sucrose: C(sub 12)H(sub 22)O(sub 11)a water molecule, H(sub 2)O gets removed which is why there are 2 less hydrogens and one less oxygen
