Answer:
The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth's solid outer crust, the lithosphere, is separated into plates that move over the asthenosphere, the molten upper portion of the mantle. ... At convergent boundaries, plates collide with one another.
Answer:
C. <em>Clostridium</em> and <em>Bacillus</em>.
Explanation:
<em>Bacillus </em>and <em>Clostridium</em> are the gram-positive bacteria and form endospores. Endospores are the resistant dormant structures formed by some gram-positive bacteria.
These bacteria form the endospores within their vegetative cells. The endospores are highly resistant to environmental stress conditions and make these bacterial genera the dangerous pathogens.
If a zebra mussel is discovered in a lake in Pennsylvania, then the ecologist would be worried because it is an invasive species. The zebra mussel is native to Ukraine and Russia, but if it has been found in Pennsylvania, than it means that it has been introduced in this area. As an invasive species, the zebra mussel can be very dangerous for the native species in the lake. The invasive species usually are more competitive for food sources than the native species, manage to reproduce quicker, bring in diseases, and the native species tend to not have defense mechanisms for them. This leads to rapid decline or even extinction in the native species, while the invasive spreads out quickly and takes over, resulting in dramatic change in the whole ecosystem.
Biological transmission involves reproduction of pathogens in an arthropod vector prior to transmission. In terms of epidemiology, we can term a vector as an organism that is from infected to the uninfected. An infected organism which develops biological vector passes it to its host. For example a mosquito.
A mosquito being a mechanical vector carries an infected organism to its host either through the legs or through the other body parts
