The answer is modulation. In modulation a radio wave (also called the "carrier signal") is changed by the signal we want to send to the receiver, for example a song, or, in a wireless network, some data from a computer.
The background radiation is associated with a temperature of about 2.73 Kelvins (not Celsius). There is no particular reason for it to be at this specific value. This temperature is a snapshot of an ongoing process taken at our point in time. This temperature continues to change from where it used to be - many orders of magnitude higher in the early stages of our universe model - to today's measured value. The expanding universe view implies this temperature continues to decline as the universe expands, as you pointed out. It is just happening on an extremely slow time scale that we consider this value to be a constant.
First, the acceleration is solved by dividing the velocity by time.
acceleration = 4 m/s / (1x10^-3s) = 4000 m/s²
Then, we solve for the force by multiplying the mass by acceleration.
F = m x a
Substituting the known values,
F = (12.3 mg)(4000 m/s²) = (12.3 x 10^-6 kg)(4000 m/s²)
F = 0.0492 N
Thus, the force of the froghopper is approximately equal to 0.0492 N.
Every orbital in a sublevel is singly occupied before any orbital is doubly occupied. All of the electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin
The weight of the object on mars is about 80n
