Answer:
a) Option D is correct.
H0: μ = 71
Ha: μ > 71
b) Option F is correct
z > 1.28
c) z = 2.85
d) Option C is correct.
Reject H0.There is sufficient evidence at the α = 0.10 level of significance to conclude that the true mean heart rate during laughter exceeds 71 beats per minute.
Step-by-step explanation:
a) For hypothesis testing, the first thing to define is the null and alternative hypothesis.
The null hypothesis plays the devil's advocate and usually takes the form of the opposite of the theory to be tested. It usually contains the signs =, ≤ and ≥ depending on the directions of the test.
While, the alternative hypothesis usually confirms the the theory being tested by the experimental setup. It usually contains the signs ≠, < and > depending on the directions of the test.
This question aims to test the the true mean heart rate during laughter exceeds 71 beats per minute.
Hence, the null hypothesis is that there isn't sufficient evidence to say that the true mean heart rate during laughter exceeds 71 beats per minute. That is, the true mean doesn't exceed 71 beats per minute.
And the alternative hypothesis is that there is sufficient evidence to say that the true mean heart rate during laughter exceeds 71 beats per minute.
Mathematically,
The null hypothesis is represented as
H₀: μ = 71
The alternative hypothesis is represented as
Hₐ: μ > 71
b) Using z-distribution, the rejection area is obtained from the confidence level at which the test is going to be performed. Since the hypothesis test tests only in one direction,
Significance level = (100% - confidence level)/2
0.10 = 10% = (100% - confidence level)/2
20% = 100% - (confidence level)
Confidence level = 100% - 20% = 80%
Critical value for 80% confidence level = 1.28
And since we are testing if the true mean heart rate during laughter exceeds 71 beats per minute, the rejection area would be
z > 1.28
c) The test statistic is given as
z = (x - μ)/σₓ
x = sample mean = 73.4
μ = 71
σₓ = standard error = (σ/√n)
σ = 8
n = Sample size = 90
σₓ = (8/√90) = 0.8433
z = (73.4 - 71) ÷ 0.8433
z = 2.846 = 2.85
d) Since the z-test statistic obtained, 2.85, is firmly in the rejection area, z > 1.28, we reject the null hypothesis, accept the alternative hypothesis and say that there is sufficient evidence at the α = 0.10 level of significance to conclude that the true mean heart rate during laughter exceeds 71 beats per minute.
Hope this Helps!!!
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