Answer:

Explanation:
1. Solubility of CaF_2
(a) Molar solubility
CaF₂ ⇌ Ca²⁺ + 2F⁻
![K_{\text{sp }} = \text{[Ca$^{2+}$]}\text{[F$^{-}$]}^{2}= 4.0 \times 10^{-8}\\s(2s)^{2}=4.0 \times 10^{-8}\\4s^{3} = 4.0 \times 10^{-8}\\s^{3} = 1.0 \times 10^{-8}\\s =2.2 \times 10^{-3}\text{ mol/L}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_%7B%5Ctext%7Bsp%20%7D%7D%20%3D%20%5Ctext%7B%5BCa%24%5E%7B2%2B%7D%24%5D%7D%5Ctext%7B%5BF%24%5E%7B-%7D%24%5D%7D%5E%7B2%7D%3D%204.0%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-8%7D%5C%5Cs%282s%29%5E%7B2%7D%3D4.0%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-8%7D%5C%5C4s%5E%7B3%7D%20%3D%204.0%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-8%7D%5C%5Cs%5E%7B3%7D%20%3D%201.0%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-8%7D%5C%5Cs%20%3D2.2%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%5Ctext%7B%20mol%2FL%7D)
(b) Mass solubility

2. pH
pH = -log [H⁺] = -log(3.0 × 10⁻⁴) = 3.52
3. Oxidizing and reducing agents
Zn + Cl₂ ⟶ ZnCl₂

The oxidation number of Cl has decreased from 0 to -1.
Cl has been reduced, so Cl is the oxidizing agent.
4. Oxidation numbers
(a) Al₂O₃

1O = -2; 3O = -6; 2Al = +6; 1Al = +3
(b) XeF₄

1F = -1; 4F = -4; 1 Xe = +4
(c) K₂Cr₂O₇

1K = +1; 2K = +2; 1O = -2; 7O = -14
+2 - 14 = -12
2Cr = + 12; 1 Cr = +6
A molecular formula consists of the chemical symbols for the constituent elements followed by numeric subscripts describing the number of atoms of each element present in the molecule. The empirical formula represents the simplest whole-integer ratio of atoms in a compound.
Untestable = broad questions
How do magnets work?
Testable = specific question that can be answered by hands on investigation.
What effect does temperature have on a magnets strength?
Fossils provide a window in Earth's history by showing us how they existed in the past. They can be dated through several ways and can show us how animals and plants have evolved over millions of years. Also, fossils can help us better understand ancient disasters by the inclusion of elements (such as <span>volcanic ash or dust from major space object impacts) and how they affected the life on earth)</span>
Under standard temperature and pressure conditions, it is known that 1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4 liters.
From the periodic table:
molar mass of oxygen = 16 gm
molar mass of hydrogen = 1 gm
Thus, the molar mass of water vapor = 2(1) + 16 = 18 gm
18 gm of water occupies 22.4 liters, therefore:
volume occupied by 32.7 gm = (32.7 x 22.4) / 18 = 40.6933 liters