Answer:
Noise
Explanation:
Noise refers to anything that disrupts or affects the process of communication between a speaker and a listener/listeners. Noise can be either external (a physical sound), or internal (a disturbance in the mind).
There are 4 types of noise:
- Physiological noise: it originates because a person is hungry, tired, has a headache, is taking medication, or there is some other factor that influences his/her perceptions.
- Physical noise: it comes from the environment, like the noises people make, extreme temperatures, and places with many people.
- Psychological noise: it indicates that a person has some qualities that influence the way he/she communicates and understands what other people say.
- Semantic noise: it takes place when there is a problem of comprehension of words between two or more people.
It is called experimenter bias
experimenter bias refers to the cognitive bias that held by researchers that might cause them to subconsciously influence the outcome of the experiment.
The most likelt cause of this bias is a situation where experimenters held a certain belief or expectation for the outcome of the experiment.
Answer:
<em>The correct option is B) through a strict social order based on race and ethnic origin.</em>
Explanation:
In America, discrimination was made on the basis of race, ethnicity, colour etc. In the beginning, the Spanish were also targeted in these discrimination. But with the passage of time, the Spanish arouse to fight for their rights and they demanded that equality for the colonies of America. They fought for their rights and lowered the discrimination acts which were being made by the Americans. Hence, option B is the most suitable option.
Answer: Tiit -for -tat strategy
Explanation:
Tiit -for -tat was introduced by Anatol Rapoport. He developed a strategy in which each participant in follows a course of action consistent with his opponent's previous turn. In other words, the opponents previuous moves are mimicked.This is an action is of mutual benefit. This strategy is an example of reciprocal altruism and cooperation.
