I think the word you're looking for is "hypothesis".
For example, a hypothesis could be "dogs drink more often when owners are present".
And then this can be proven (or dis-proven) by an observation (or in this case rather: measurement).
Answer:
d. Damage to homes by mass wasting is more likely to affect poor people because they cannot afford to build on the most stable slopes.
Explanation:
Mass wasting, which is also called mass movement or slope movement, is defined as the large movement of rock, soil and debris downward due to the gravitational force.
Therefore, damage to homes by large movement of rock due to gravitational force is more likely to affect the poor because it's quite expensive to build on most suitable slopes.
Source: Places where infectious agents (germs) live (e.g., sinks, surfaces, human skin)
Susceptible Person with a way for germs to enter the body
Transmission: a way germs are moved to the susceptible persont
Answer:
no country uses military time they have different time zones