Answer: pick one
try this,
Permafrost is a permanently frozen layer on or under Earth's surface. It consists of soil, gravel, and sand, usually bound together by ice. ... Permafrost covers approximately 22.8 million square kilometers (about 8.8 million square miles) in Earth's Northern Hemisphere. Frozen ground is not always the same as permafrost.
or try this,
Permafrost is soil, rock or sediment that is frozen for more than two consecutive years. In areas not overlain by ice, it exists beneath a layer of soil, rock or sediment, which freezes and thaws annually and is called the "active layer".
Explanation:
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