Answer:
The correct answer is letter "B": Centralization of authority.
Explanation:
Centralization of authority takes place in companies where high-rank executives take most or all the decisions regarding the operations. Employees voice is not heard under this approach. Managers tend to implement this strategy when they pretend to minimize the percentage of mistakes incurred in the firm. The organization of the company tends to be bureaucratic.
In a pure market economy, the "What to produce?" question is ultimately answered by : consumer sovereignty.
Explanation:
Market autonomy is a two-way economic concept. Market autonomy in production applies to what finished products should be produced from these materials to the control power of the customers over those with scarce resources.
For example, the highest levels of consumer autonomy occur of consumers on the free market. The customer can buy any product in any quantity he wants. But the state or central government decides what to manufacture in a command economy.
Answer:
(a) 9.9%
(b) 10.09%
The further explanation is given below.
Explanation:
The given values are:
Coupon payment
= $99
Price
= $1,000
(a)
The Yield to maturity (YTM) will be:
= 
where,
C = Coupon payment
P = Price
n = years to maturity
F = Face value
On putting the estimated values is the above formula, we get
⇒ 
⇒ 
⇒
%
(b)
Although the 1st year coupon was indeed reinvested outside an interest rate of r%, cumulative money raised will indeed be made at the end of 2nd year.
= ![[99\times (1 + r)] + 1,099](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B99%5Ctimes%20%281%20%2B%20r%29%5D%20%2B%201%2C099)
Came to the realization compound YTM is therefore a function of r, as is shown throughout the table below:
Rate (r) Total proceeds Realized YTM (
)
7.9% 1205.8 9.8%
9.9% 1207.8 9.9%
11.9% 1209.8 9.99%
Now,
Overall proceeds realized YTM:
= 
= 
= 
= 
= 
= 
=
%