Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level. Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) measures the amount of energy that is transferred between trophic levels.
The best synonym for vales in the lines "By the stream & o'er the mead..Making all the vales rejoice!" from The Lamb will be valleys. The correct answer is C.