The genotype describes the complete set of genes inherited by an individual, and the phenotype describes all aspects of the individual's morphology, physiology, behavior, and ecological relations. Light, water, temperature, soil structure are the environmental factors which influence the plant phenotype most. The growth is a very sensitive phenotypic trait that quickly responds to any sub-optimal environment. However, many more physiological responses occur that turn out in phenotypes that can be measured with non-invasive technology.
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The C. elegans embryo is a powerful model system for studying the mechanics of metazoan cell division. Its primary advantage is that the architecture of the syncytial gonad makes it possible to use RNAi to generate oocytes whose cytoplasm is reproducibly (typically >95%) depleted of targeted essential gene products via a process that does not depend exclusively on intrinsic protein turnover. The depleted oocytes can then be analyzed as they attempt their first mitotic division following fertilization. Here we outline the characteristics that contribute to the usefulness of the C. elegans embryo for cell division studies. We provide a timeline for the first embryonic mitosis and highlight some of its key features. We also summarize some of the recent discoveries made using this system, particularly in the areas of nuclear envelope assembly/ dissassembly, centrosome dynamics, formation of the mitotic spindle, kinetochore assembly, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis.
1. The C. elegans embryo as a system to study cell division
The C. elegans embryo is a powerful model system for studying the mechanics of metazoan cell division. Its primary advantage is that the syncytial gonad makes it possible to use RNA interference (RNAi) to generate oocytes whose cytoplasm is reproducibly (>95%) depleted of targeted essential gene products. Introduction of dsRNA rapidly catalyzes the destruction of the corresponding mRNA in many different systems. However, depletion of pre-existing protein is generally a slow process that depends on the half-life of the targeted protein. In contrast, in the C. elegans gonad, the protein present when the dsRNA is introduced is depleted by the continual packaging of maternal cytoplasm into oocytes (Figure 1). Since depletion relies on the rate of embryo production instead of protein half-life, the kinetics tend to be similar for different targets. By 36-48 hours after introduction of the dsRNA, newly formed oocytes are typically >95% depleted of the target protein.
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B. maybe I dont know but can you help me with dna
Static Electricity - the word static means 'at rest' - this kind of electricity exists when objects separated by an insulator has a build up of opposite charges. Because the attraction between these charges is so strong, they can flow even through great insulators. Ex: lightning, friction
Current Electricity - it makes electronic devices possible. There is a constant flow of charges in this type of electricity. In contrast to static electricity, current electricity is changing, dynamic and always on the move. Ex: starting a car, watching TV, using an electric stove.
Yes your equation is correct as formula for butane is c4h10 and equation is balanced
