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In oxygenic photosynthesis, the first electron donor is water, creating oxygen as a waste product. In anoxygenic photosynthesis various electron donors are used. Cytochrome b6f and ATP synthase work together to create ATP. This process is called photophosphorylation, which occurs in two different ways.
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Main sequence stars fuse hydrogen atoms to form helium atoms in their cores. About 90 percent of the stars in the universe, including the sun, are main sequence stars. These stars can range from about a tenth of the mass of the sun to up to 200 times as massive.
Stars start their lives as clouds of dust and gas. Gravity draws these clouds together. A small protostar forms, powered by the collapsing material. Protostars often form in densely packed clouds of gas and can be challenging to detect.
"Nature doesn't form stars in isolation," Mark Morris, of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLS), said in a statement. "It forms them in clusters, out of natal clouds that collapse under their own gravity."
Smaller bodies — with less than 0.08 the sun's mass — cannot reach the stage of nuclear fusion at their core. Instead, they become brown dwarfs, stars that never ignite. But if the body has sufficient mass, the collapsing gas and dust burns hotter, eventually reaching temperatures sufficient to fuse hydrogen into helium. The star turns on and becomes a main sequence star, powered by hydrogen fusion. Fusion produces an outward pressure that balances with the inward pressure caused by gravity, stabilizing the star.
How long a main sequence star lives depends on how massive it is. A higher-mass star may have more material, but it burns through it faster due to higher core temperatures caused by greater gravitational forces. While the sun will spend about 10 billion years on the main sequence, a star 10 times as massive will stick around for only 20 million years. A red dwarf, which is half as massive as the sun, can last 80 to 100 billion years, which is far longer than the universe's age of 13.8 billion years. (This long lifetime is one reason red dwarfs are considered to be good sources for planets hosting life, because they are stable for such a long time.)
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DNA is the genetic composition of the cells in the human body, think of it as the coding for a computer but for cells. These carry your genetic composition (blue eyes, Brown hair, tall, short blah blah blah) and traits like smart, funny, shy.
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A design of growth in which (occurs only in a different situation), the population frequency of an organism rises gradually originally, in a good acceleration time, later progresses swiftly nearing an exponential growth pace just like the J-shaped curve, however, it later declines (meaning rejects) in a bad acceleration time till at zero growth rate the population maintains. For example, yeast is a tiny fungus, so tiny, a microscope is required to view it, furthermore, it is used to produce bread and alcoholic drinks, displays the traditional S-shaped curve if raised in a test tube. Its maturity levels off as the population deplete the nutrients that are essential for its growth.
C The rods will attract each other because they are both positively charged.
