The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth and consists of stratified squamous epithelium termed oral epithelium and an underlying connective tissue termed lamina propria
The correct answer is (D)
Junipers belongs to genus Juniperus and are coniferous plants. These plants are widely distributed in northern hemisphere, from Arctic, south to tropical Africa and from Ziarat to Tibet, and in mountains of central America.
Juniper is a shrubs and grow densely over an area, shrubs are a great way to deter foot traffic through an area( another contributor to soil erosion). It helps to prevent soil erosion and are easy to grow plants.
The purpose of a bacterium's capsule is protection.
<h3>What use does the capsule of a bacteria serve?</h3>
White blood cells may eat and kill pathogens, but capsules could stop that from happening (phagocytosis). Although the precise mechanism for avoiding phagocytosis is unknown, it may occur because the presence of capsules makes the surface elements of bacteria more slippery, preventing the bacterium from being absorbed by phagocytic cells.
Capsules comprised of bacterial defenses and the host. The main function of the capsules of pathogenic bacteria is to prevent opsonophagocytosis or in the case of Gram-negative bacteria, complement-mediated lysis by shielding the bacterial surface from interactions with the host immune system.
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The answer is C. Genetic Isolation.
Genetic isolation occurs when there is no genetic exchange between organisms of the population or species. One of the reasons that cause genetic isolation is geographical separation. The reason why some species of koalas are only found in Australia and lemurs in Madagascar is that they cannot mate with other species outside of their geographical boundary.
Answer:
by using molecular clocks which are based on the mutation rates among molecular sequences (e.g., DNA sequences). The mutation rate can be used to estimate the times of divergence between sequences (in this case, between duplicated sequences in the target species and non-duplicated sequences in the most recent common ancestor).
Explanation:
A molecular clock is a technique that uses the mutation rate (μ) to measure the association between evolutionary rate and time. A mutation rate can be used to estimate the time in prehistory when two or more molecular sequences diverged. For example, assuming a generation time of 20 years, a species that has 100 mutations per generation is divided by 20 years to yield a mutation rate equal to 5 mutations per year. In consequence, the times of divergence can be estimated by dividing half of the target genomic region length (in nucleotides) by the mutation rate (t = d/2 ÷ μ).
