It's saying that Atticus is a respectable person who doesn't see race as a reason to or to not defend someone; he's not racist. It shows that racism in the south is common, and that because of that, Scout has grown up being taught to be racist. Atticus is trying to turn her away from that and get her to focus on the person's true self, not the color of their skin.
28 lawns
8 lawns divided by 14hours = 0.5714 lawns per hour
0.5714 lawns per hour times 49hours = 28
Answer: I haven't read the book so please take this with a grain of salt but I believe the answer would be C, "As teenagers get older, parents should help them avoid more serious negative consequences." Exerting control might be too much, letting the teenager be too rebellious would lead to disobeyment, and letting them do it again isn't a good idea. I apologize if you get the answer wrong, good luck!