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3 years ago

Why do atoms of elements take part in chemical reaction?

Chemistry

1 answer:

Marina CMI [18]3 years ago

4 0

Explanation:

During a chemical reaction, the atoms of the original substances gain, lose or share their electrons with those of the substances with which they are reacting. The reaction creates new substances made up of a new combination of atoms and a different configuration of electrons.

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The entropy change for a real, irreversible process is equal to:______.

taurus [48]

Answer:

The entropy change for a real, irreversible process is equal to zero.

The correct option is 'c'.

Explanation:

Lets look around all the given options -:

(a) the entropy change for a theoretical reversible process with the same initial and final states , since the entropy change is equal and opposite in reversible process , thus this option in not correct.

(b) equal to the entropy change for the same process performed reversibly ONLY if the process can be reversed at all. Since , the change is same as well as opposite too . Therefore , this statement is also not true .

(c) zero. This option is true because We generate more entropy in an irreversible process. Because no heat moves into or out of the surroundings during the procedure, the entropy change of the surroundings is zero.

(d) impossible to tell. This option is invalid , thus incorrect .

Hence , the correct option is 'c' that is zero.

8 0

3 years ago

What volume of 0.307 m naoh must be added to 200.0ml of 0.425m acetic acid (ka = 1.75 x 10-5 ) to produce a buffer of ph = 4.250

Blababa [14]

The buffer solution target has a pH value smaller than that of pKw (i.e., pH < 7.) The solution is therefore acidic. It contains significantly more protons $\text{H}^{+}$ than hydroxide ions $\text{OH}^{-}$ . The equilibrium equation shall thus contain protons rather than a combination of water and hydroxide ions as the reacting species.

Assuming that $x \; \text{L}$ of the 0.307 $\text{mol} \cdot \text{dm}^{-3}$ sodium hydroxide solution was added to the acetic acid. Based on previous reasoning, $x$ is sufficiently small that acetic acid was in excess, and no hydroxide ion has yet been produced in the solution. The solution would thus contain $0.2000 \times 0.425 - 0.307 \; x = 0.085 - 0.307 \; x$ moles of acetic acid and $0.307 \; x$ moles of acetate ions.

Let $\text{HAc}$ denotes an acetic acid molecule and $\text{Ac}^{-}$ denotes an acetate ion. The RICE table below resembles the hydrolysis equilibrium going on within the buffer solution.

$\begin{array}{lccccc}\text{R} & \text{HAc} & \leftrightharpoons & \text{H}^{+} & + & \text{Ac}^{-}\\\text{I} & 0.085 - 0.307 \; x& & 0 & & 0.307 \; x\\\end{array}$

The buffer shall have a pH of 4.250, meaning that it shall have an equilibrium proton concentration of $10^{4.250}\; \text{mol}\cdot \text{dm}^{-3}$ . There were no proton in the buffer solution before the hydrolysis of acetic acid. Therefore the table shall have an increase of $10^{-4.250}\;\text{mol}\cdot \text{dm}^{-3}$ in proton concentration in the third row. Atoms conserve. Thus the concentration increase of protons by $10^{-4.250}\;\text{mol}\cdot \text{dm}^{-3}$ would correspond to a decrease in acetic acid concentration and an increase in acetate ion concentration by the same amount. That is:

$\begin{array}{lcccccc}\text{R} & \text{HAc} & \leftrightharpoons & \text{H}^{+} & + & \text{Ac}^{-}\\\text{I} & 0.085 - 0.307 \; x& & 0 & & 0.307 \; x\\\text{C} & - 10^{-4.250} & & +10^{-4.250} & & +10^{-4.250} \\\text{E} & 0.085 - 10^{-4.250} - 0.307 \; x& & 10^{-4.250} & & 10^{-4.250} + 0.307 \; x\end{array}$

By definition:

$\text{K}_{a} = [\text{H}^{+}] \cdot [\text{Ac}^{-}] / [\text{HAc}]\\\phantom{\text{K}_{a}} = 10^{-4.250} \times (10^{-4.250} + 0.307 \; x) / (0.085 - 10^{-4.250} - 0.307 \; x)$

The question states that

$\text{K}_{a} = 1.75 \times 10^{-5}$

such that

$10^{-4.250} \times (10^{-4.250} + 0.307 \; x) / (0.085 - 10^{-4.250} - 0.307 \; x) = 1.75 \times 10^{-5}\\6.16 \times 10^{-5} \; x = 1.48 \times 10^{-6}\\x = 0.0241$

Thus it takes $0.0241 \; \text{L}$ of sodium hydroxide to produce this buffer solution.

6 0

3 years ago

What does the atomic number on the periodic table represent for each atom

Phoenix [80]

Answer:

Number of protons

Explanation:

4 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

a can of diet soda will float in water while a can of regular sugar soda will sink. which of these best describes why this would

Yuri [45]

I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option A. A can of diet soda will float in water while a can of regular sugar soda will sink. This is due to the reason that the regular soda is more dense than the diet soda. Hope this answers the question.

5 0

3 years ago

How do I balance a chemical reaction like one of these NaBr + Ca(OH)2 ➡️ CaBr2 + NaOH

mojhsa [17]

2NaBr + Ca(OH)2 ➡️ CaBr2 + 2NaOH

3 0

4 years ago

Why do atoms of elements take part in chemical reaction?​

Why do atoms of elements take part in chemical reaction?