Answer: we can make observations directly by seeing, feeling, hearing, and smelling, but we can also extend and refine our basic senses with tools: thermometers, microscopes, telescopes, radar, radiation sensors, X-ray crystallography, mass spectroscopy, etc. And these tools do a better job of observing than we can!
Cancer cells are the cells that divide rapidly than any other cells in the body. The drugs used in chemotherapy work on rapidly dividing cancer cells. Some cells of our body apart from cancer cells also divide rapidly along with the cancer cells such as the cells that line the stomach and the digestive tract. Chemotherapy drugs cannot differentiate the cancer cells and the normal cells so these drugs also attack the normal cells which divide rapidly along with the cancer cells. The drugs also attack the cells that are present in the roots of the hair. So, this results in the hair loss. Hair loss does not occur immediately after the chemotherapy treatment instead it starts after few treatments. The degree of the hair loss after chemotherapy depends on the drug type and process. So when the chemotherapy drugs are used it results in the hair loss and nausea.
Therefore, when chemotherapy drugs attack normal cells including the roots of the hair instead of cancer cells that divide rapidly along with the cancer cells it results in the hair loss and nausea.
The whale's flipper and tail flukes and fish fins are analogous structure as they have different structural formation but they perform the same function.
Flipper and tails are locomotory organs in the whale and helps the whale in propelling similarly fins in the fish assist the fish in swimming. Both the strcutures have evolved differently and are made of different materials.
Answer:
a. Biomagnification
Explanation:
Biomagnification is the name given to the progressive accumulation of substances from one trophic level to another along a food chain. Thus, the substance will have its highest concentration in individuals who occupy trophic levels furthest from producers.
For biomagnification to occur, substances must be fat soluble (lipid soluble) and thus adhere to living tissues. Another feature of substances that undergo biomagnification is that they are generally not biodegradable or metabolized by the body.
The phenomenon is quite common with heavy metals (lead; mercury) and certain chlorinated and aromatic organic compounds with higher molecular mass, such as the insecticide DDT.
