It appears that both I and Shin Lee are acting ethically! =)
Answer: The value of the firm is $16 million.
For this question we use the Modigliani-Miller Proposition I which states that the value of the firm is same irrespective of the amount of equity and debt in its capital structure, ignoring taxes.
Amount borrowed for buyback = $1m
No. of shares bought back = 2500
Value per share = $
Shares outstanding before buyback = 40000 shares
Shares bought back = 2500 shares
Shares outstanding after buyback =
Next we calculate the value of the firm before and after buyback of shares.
The value of the firm before buyback comprises of only 40000 equity shares. There is no debt. Hence,

The value of the firm after buyback will be




Since value of the firm before and after buyback of shares is the same, we can say that the Modigliani-Miller Proposition I without taxes holds and the value of the firm is $16 million.
Suppose a $3 per-unit tax is placed on this good. the per-unit burden of the tax on sellers is $1 .
Explanation:
The demand curve and the production curve are cross-secting before the tax level reaches $4.
The supply curve moves to the left when the tax of $3 was levied, so that the new price payable by consumers is $6 where the new supply curve and the demand curve intersect, while the seller collects $3 where the original supply curve and the demand curve intersects.
hence, the per unit burden of the tax imposed on buyers is $6 - $4 = $2
while the burden on sellers is $4 - $3 = $1
<span>You can estimate your tax liability through proper financial planning.</span>
Answer: True
Explanation:
Free Alongside (FAS) is an International Commerce term (Incoterm) that is used to describe that a seller should deliver goods to within reach of a Buyer's transportation vessel so that it may be ready to be picked up by the Buyer's vessel easily.
"FAS Name of Vessel" means that the seller should deliver the goods next to the Vessel named so that it may then be re-loaded into the vessel. The risk therefore passes to the Buyer from the Seller once this is done.