Answer:
3. 17
4. 18
5. 10
6. Cation
7. 35
8. 81
9. 36
10. Anion
11. 37
12. 48
13. +1
14. Cation
15. 5
16. 5
17. 2
18. Cation
Explanation:
Situation 1
The mass number = 35 = The sum of the protons and the neutrons in an atom
The number of protons = 17
The net charge = 1
3. The atomic number = The number of proton = 17
4. The number of neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number
∴ The number of neutrons = 35 - 17 = 18
5. Given that the net charge of the atom = +1, the number of electrons in the atom is 1 less than the number of protons
Therefore, the number of electrons = 11 - 1 = 10
6. Positively charged ions are called a cation
The atom is a positively charged and it is therefore it is a cation
Situation 2
The number of protons = 35
The number of neutrons = 46
The net charge = -1
7. The atomic number = The number of protons = 35
8. The mass number = The number of protons + The number of neutrons
∴ The mass number = 35 + 46 = 81
9. The number of electrons = The number of protons + 1
∴ The number of electrons = 35 + 1 = 36
10. The type of atom is an anion
Situation 3
Atomic number = 37
Mass number = 85
Number of electrons = 36
11. The number of protons = The atomic number = 37
12. The number of neutrons = The mass number - The atomic number
∴ The number of neutrons = 85 - 37 = 48
13. The net charge = The atomic number - The number of electrons
∴ The net charge = 37 - 36 = +1
14. Given that the net charge = +1, the type of atom is a cation
Situation 4
Mass number = 11
Number of neutrons = 6
Net charge = +3
15. The atomic number = The mass number - The number of neutrons
∴ The atomic number = 11 - 6 = 5
16. The number of protons = The atomic number = 5
17. Given that the net charge is +3, we have;
The number of electrons = The number of protons - The net charge
∴ The number of electrons = 5 - (+3) = 2
18. The type of atom with a net positive charge (+3) is a cation
