A procaryotic cell has five essential structural components: a nucleoid (DNA), ribosomes, cell membrane, cell wall, and some sort of surface layer, which may or may not be an inherent part of the wall.
<h2>QUESTION:</h2>
what’s the difference between convergent boundaries and the subduction zone
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ANSWER: </h2>
If two tectonic plates collide more or less head-on they form a convergent plate boundary. Usually, one of the converging plates will move beneath the other, which is known as subduction.
<em>I </em><em>hope</em><em> it</em><em> will</em><em> help</em><em> you</em><em> have</em><em> a</em><em> great</em><em> day</em><em> bye</em>
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Answer/Explanation:
(1) a mutation in the coding region, resulting in an inactive protein
To check to see if there is a mutation, you could extract the DNA from the cancer cells and then perform PCR to amplify the gene of interest. You could then perform sanger sequencing and compare the sequence to the normal gene to see if a mutation is present. To test the effect of the mutation, you would want to see if an active protein has been formed.
To see if a normal sized protein has been formed, you could perform a western blot, comparing the protein band to the WT protein band. If the protein is absent or much smaller, it is likely not a functional protein.
(2) epigenetic silencing at the promoter of the gene, resulting in reduced transcription.
To check for changes in the epigenetic landscape of the promoter, you could perform chromatin immunoprecipitation by extracting the chromatin from the tumour cells and using antibodies for different chromatin marks to see what has changed between the normal cells and the tumor cells. E.g. H3K9me3, H3K27me3. You would perform a pull down with the antibody of interest and then PCR for your promoter to specifically look at changes at that gene compared to normal cells. To test DNA methylation, you could perform bisulfite sequencing.
To see how transcription is affected, you could extract RNA from the tumor and normal cells, and compare the levels of RNA between the two samples by qRT-PCR
Answer:
I think it is sugar, as it is using sugar to grow.
Evidence of evolution. Scientists support the evidence of evolution because of the adaptations organisms used to have in the past compared to the present. For example, humans have organs in their bodies they don't need, but must have been used in ancient times. They can also find that humans have a common ancestor such as monkeys because of the DNA similarities and many adaptations. Hopefully this answered most of your question.
