Answer:
d
Explanation:
A good has positive externality if the benefits to third parties not involved in production is greater than the cost. an example of an activity that generates positive externality is research and development. Due to the high cost of R & D, they are usually under-produced. Government can encourage the production of activities that generate positive externality by granting subsidies.
A good has negative externality if the costs to third parties not involved in production is greater than the benefits. an example of an activity that generates negative externality is pollution. Pollution can be generated at little or no cost, so they are usually overproduced. Government can discourage the production of activities that generate negative externality by taxation. Taxation increases the cost of production and therefore discourages overproduction. Tax levied on externality is known as Pigouvian tax.
Government can regulate the amount of externality produced by placing an upper limit on the amount of negative externality permissible
Coase theorem has been proposed as a solution to externality. According to this theory, when there are conflicting property rights, bargaining between parties involved can lead to an efficient outcome only if the bargaining cost is low
Another solution to negative externality is through the activities of charities. Charities can raise donations to limit or regulate the activities of firms that constitutes a negative externality.
Answer:
C) there was an offer, acceptance, and consideration
Explanation:
The doctrine of promissory estoppel requires that the following 5 elements must exist:
- The parties must anticipate that some type of legal relationship will exist between them.
- One party must have made a promise to another party.
- One party must rely on the promise made by the other party.
- The party that relied on the promise made by the other party must suffer a detriment if the promise is not fulfilled.
- Unconscionability
, in other words, there is nothing that forbids the party from performing the promise.
Answer:
$14,016 favorable
Explanation:
The computation of the raw materials price variance is shown below:
= Actual Quantity × (Standard Price - Actual Price)
= 23,360 liters × ($5.40 - $4.80)
= 23,360 liters × $0.6
= $14,016 favorable
We simply deduct the actual price from the standard price and then multiplied it by the actual quantity so that actual value can come
Answer:
Explanation:
Under GAAP, every cost incurred should be classified into either period cost or product cost, where:
Product Cost:
The cost business has incurred right now, but will benefit from it in future for e.g. raw materials used to manufacture something which will be sold in next period (by the way period means the time span for which business is reporting its performance like year or quarter). these generally include direct labor, materials and manufacturing over heads
these costs should be capitalized and expensed out in future as the inventory is used.
Period Cost:
all other costs from which business has benefited completely in current period, including admin sales and distribution related costs
these should be expensed out in current period.
for warehousing costs, if they pertain to raw materials and semi finished goods they will be capitalized but if they pertains to finished goods they will be expensed out (as there is no benefit expected from them in future now)
for research and development, every research cost should be expensed out for e.g. feasibility studies under GAAP, but if product found to be commercially viable then the development costs can be capitalized as intangible asset(with the same logic as these will be exactly like manufacturing costs for tangible products).
Good recordkeeping helps protect assets and helps managers <u>monitor company activities.</u>
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What are the benefits of good recordkeeping?
- Good records will help you do the following:
- Monitor the progress of your business.
- Prepare your financial statements.
- Identify sources of your income.
- Keep track of your deductible expenses.
- Keep track of your basis in property.
- Prepare your tax returns.
- Support items reported on your tax returns.
- Save time and costs
- Prevent loopholes and oversight
- Prevent fraud or theft
- Comply with laws
- Make business decisions
- Different countries have different regulations depending on the local laws stipulated by the government.
- It is important for you to do substantive research and ensure that your company’s current record keeping system is compliant with the country regulatory requirements.
To know more about good recordkeeping, refer:
brainly.com/question/11145292
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