Answer:
C) 2.0 kb
Explanation:
It is given that out of the 4 nucleotides A, T, C & G each one has equal probability to occur at any position on the DNA molecule which simply means that the probability of occurrence of any nucleotide at a position is 1/4.
Also, it is given that probability of occurrence of either A or T at 3rd position is equal which means that the probability at that particular position will be 2/4 = 1/2.
Now, GA(A/T)TC is the DNA sequence where Restriction enzyme HinfI cleaves so the total probability of an average HinfI cleavage fragment will be = 1/4 x 1/4 x 1/2 x 1/4 x 1/4 = 0.00195 = 0.2 i.e. 2 kb.
The phenotype is the physical appearance of an organism, while the Genotype is the genetic composition of an organism. Phenotype is observable and are the expression of the genes of an individual. So even the organism with the same species may differ, with a minute difference in their genotype. This is the main difference between the two.
We can notice one’s hair colour, eye colour, height, weight, skin colour, etc. but cannot look at genes responsible for these characters, so the observable physical look is the phenotype while the unnoticed genes responsible for such characters present in the DNA of cell of the individual is genotype.
To explain the above lines, here is the simple example of a pure red colour flowering plant (RR) is crossed with the white colour flowering plant (rr). The result of the Genotype of the F1 generation will be – Rr (Hybrid red colour), and the Phenotype of the F1 generation will be the – Red colour flowering plant.
Genotype and phenotype are the two very closely related and similar-sounding words, but their meaning is different. Our earth has a dynamic variety of organisms, present in soil, water and on land. But as the genome of each organism is different, and so there phenotypes also whether it’s their colour, height, weight or other morphological features.
The plasma membrane of the enveloped alga cell serves as the source of the apicoplast's second outermost membrane.
<h3>Where did all chloroplasts come from?</h3>
Chloroplasts were first established in eukaryotes through an endosymbiotic relationship with a cyanobacterium; they later spread through the evolution of eukaryotic hosts and the subsequent engulfment of eukaryotic algae by formerly nonphotosynthetic eukaryotes.
<h3>How did eukaryotic cells develop mitochondria and chloroplasts?</h3>
Chloroplasts and mitochondria most likely developed from engulfed bacteria that once existed as autonomous organisms. An aerobic bacterium was eventually swallowed by a eukaryotic cell, which later established an endosymbiotic bond with the host eukaryote and gradually transformed into a mitochondrion.
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industrial pollution from factories, but to classify it would be air pollution.
