In many republics, power is split between the federal government, which oversees the affairs of the nation as a whole (things like the military, foreign policy, etc), and provincial government which are local governments meant to deal with smaller issues like education, housing, etc.
I think it's the first sentence because a noun phrase contains is or contains the subject and Hikers is the subject.
B) Somatotopic is described as the point-for-point correspondence of an area of the body to a specific point on the central nervous system.
Definition/Explanation Clues. Sometimes a word's or phrase's meaning is explained immediately after its use. ...
Restatement/Synonym Clues. Sometimes a hard word or phrase is said in a simple way. ...
Contrast/Antonym Clues. ...
Inference/General Context Clues. ...
Punctuation.